公司股东名册研究(一)

作者:贾小丽 发布时间:2007-08-02 09:58:53         下一篇 上一篇

公司股东名册研究

贾小丽

(武汉大学经济法研究所法学院经济法学专业2005级硕士研究生)

摘 

公司是社团法人,社员(股东)是公司成立的基础,故对于公司来讲,确定股东的资格以及股权信息具有重要意义。为了预防纠纷,就必须建立相应的机制,以迅速地确定股东资格、反映股权信息。在这方面,股东名册具有独特的功能,在处理公司与股东事务方面发挥着很重要的作用。

但是,《公司法》对股东名册的规定仅寥寥数语,不够周密,与股东名册的重要地位不相适应。另外,立法疏漏和理论上的困惑也给实践带来了很多问题。在公司实务中,出资证明书、股东名册的记载、公司章程的记载、持有股票及工商登记等形式要件,似乎都在一定程度上具有认定股东资格的作用,当这些记载形式不一致时,就面临着怎样协调和解决冲突的问题,因此非常有必要建立客观统一的识别股东身份的依据。

正是在这种背景下,笔者开始关注股东名册问题,以期明确在认定股东资格和股权信息时股东名册到底发挥怎样的影响,当其与其他公司文件的记载不一致时,应该以何者为准。

本文共分为四个部分。

第一部分,着眼于股东名册的管理,这是股东名册能够正常发挥效力的基础,也是我国立法需要完善和加强的重要环节。文中讨论了股东名册的应有内容、管理机关的义务和责任,以及股东名册的查阅等事宜。

第二部分,考察股东名册的具体效力,结合域外立法和理论研究成果,分析了股东名册的权利推定效力、对抗效力和免责效力,并且针对我国立法现状提出改善意见。

第三部分,将股东名册与其他有关公司文件的效力进行比较,分析各自具有怎样的功能,以及在不同层面不同公司形态中,怎样解决效力冲突问题。

第四部分,着眼于全篇的研究结论,得出若干思考成果,给我国立法完善提供些许参考。

在结束语部分,笔者梳理了股东名册的管理和效力问题。其中,公司章程和股东名册的效力交叉对于处理公司和股东的关系颇有影响,易引起迷惑,笔者尝试给出权宜性的解决途径。

 

关键词:股东名册,股东资格,股东事务


 

Abstract

Company association was established on the basis of membership. So it is of great significance to determine the eligibility of shareholders equity and the information. To prevent disputes, it is necessary to establish a mechanism to rapidly identify eligible shareholders to prevent disputes from arising. List of shareholders has emerged as an important company documents. On the affairs of the company and shareholders, it plays a very important role. But the roster of the "Company Law" to shareholders has only a few words, and is not careful. But in practice, the investor certificate, the register of shareholders of record, the charter company records, Elements of holding stocks and business registration forms are identified with a certain level. Although they have different functions and the purpose of their existence, but because of his record as a shareholder of the information contained inside. Legislative oversight and theoretical confusion has brought a lot of problems.

It is in this context that I want to evaluate the effectiveness of specific concern to the roster of shareholders. And we should clearly identify in the list of shareholders eligible shareholders, and shares information on how to play in the end, especially when the documentation is inconsistent with other document.

This paper is divided into four parts.

The first part focused on the management of the register of shareholders. It is the basis of effectiveness to the register of shareholders on. It is also necessary for legislation to improve and strengthen. This paper discusses the proper content of the register of shareholders, the obligations and responsibilities of the management organs, as well as access to the register of shareholders of such matters.

In the second part, I explore the inspection of the register of shareholders .and I reference to the extraterritorial legislation and theoretical research results. I think the list of shareholders has a presumption of validity effectiveness and effectiveness of defense, and the exemption effect to the company.

The third part focused on the comparative analysis between the register of shareholders and other relevant company documents with their own function. I give some advice on how to resolve conflict, refer to companies in different forms and at different levels.

Part IV focused on the research findings and the results Thoughts come to our excellent reference for improving the legislation. I sorted out the effect of the roster of the shareholders and its management problems. Among them, the constitution and the effectiveness of the register of shareholders of the company has some cross. It can lead to confusion. I will try to offer some proposed measure.

 

Keywords: the register of shareholders, Eligible shareholders, Shareholders Service

 

摘 

Abstract

引  

第一章 股东名册的置备

第一节 股东名册的记载事项

一、我国现行立法规定

二、域外的经验

三、记载事项的效力

第二节 股东名册的置备

一、置备义务主体

二、股东名册的查阅

第三节 违反置备义务的法律责任

一、义务主体不置备或不适当置备的责任

二、查阅权的救济和公司的责任

第二章 股东名册的效力

第一节 我国现行立法规定及评述

一、现行法之规定

二、评析

第二节 股东名册的权利推定效力

一、权利推定效力的含义和例外

二、域外立法经验和理论

第三节 股东名册的对抗效力

一、对抗效力的含义

二、“片面约束说”与“双方约束说”

第四节 股东名册的免责效力

一、免责效力的含义

二、域外理论和立法经验

第三章 股东名册记载与其他相关记载形式的冲突与协调

第一节 股东资格和股权信息的认定标准

一、形式依据与实质条件

二、股东名册记载与实际出资之间的关系

第二节 其他记载形式的效力分析

一、公司章程的记载

二、出资证明书的记载

三、持有股票的记载

四、工商登记的记载

第三节 股东名册与其他记载对认定股东资格的效力比较

一、在公司内部的效力

二、对第三人的效力

第四章 借鉴与完善

第一节 几点共识

一、股东名册的置备问题

二、股东名册的效力

第二节 我国未来立法的完善

一、完善股东名册的置备制度

二、明确股东名册的效力

结  

参考文献


 


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